Management's Discussion and Analysis

Safe harbor statement under the private securities litigation reform act of 1995

Statements in this report that are not statements of historical fact may be forward-looking statements, which involve risks and uncertainties, including - but not limited to - the economic outlook for the Company's markets, fluctuation of foreign currencies, fluctuation in vehicle production schedules for which the company is a supplier, continued uncertainty in program awards and performance, the financial results of companies in which Autoliv has made technology investments, and other factors discussed in Autoliv's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Key Financial Data

Years ended December 31,
 (Dollars in millions)
2003 2002 2001

Sales of airbag products
 (incl. steering wheels)
$3,608 68% $3,160 71% $2,817 71%
Sales of seat belts
 (incl. seat components)
1,693 32% 1,283 29% 1,174 29%
Total sales $5,301 100% $4,443 100% $3,991 100%

Years ended December 31,
 (Dollars in millions)
2003    20021)   20011)   20011)2)

Gross profit $1,003   $803   $663   $663
Gross margin 18.9%   18.1%   16.6%   16.6%
Operating income $427   $323   $182   $233
Operating margin 8.1%   7.3%   4.5%   5.8%
Net income $268   $176   $53   $105
Net margin 5.1%   3.9%   1.3%   2.6%
Earnings per share $2.81   $1.79   $.54   $1.07
Return on equity 12%   9%   3%   6%

 

1)As more fully described in note 20 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the Company has restated the 2002 and 2001 financial statements.
2) Adjusted to show the effects of FAS-142 "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets", as if the non-amortization of goodwill provisions had been applied in 2001.

Overview

Autoliv, Inc. (the "Company") provides advanced technology products for the automotive market. Airbag modules, seat belts and inflators for airbags are supplied to all major European, U.S. and Asian automobile manufacturers.
  Seat belts and airbags are considered integrated safety systems that function together under common electronic control systems for the protection of occupants in motor vehicles.
  The Company manufactures its products in several countries and, for the most part, sells the products in those countries or other countries in the same geographic region.

  Although the Company has no customer accounting for more than 24% of sales (See Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein) and no single contract accounting for more than 4% of sales, the Company is dependent on a relatively small number of customers with strong purchasing power.
  The loss of all of the business of a single customer could have a material adverse effect on the Company. In addition, a significant disruption in the industry, a significant decline in demand or pricing or a dramatic change in technology could have a material adverse effect.
  The Company carries product liability and product recall insurance with limits that management believes are sufficient to cover the risks. Such insurance may not always be available in appropriate amounts and a substantial recall, or liability in excess of coverage levels, could also have a material adverse effect on the Company.
  A number of trends have influenced Autoliv's operations in the years 2001, 2002 and 2003. The most significant have been the changes in light vehicle production along with changes in vehicle model and customer mix, the growing safety content per vehicle, raw materials and components costs, pricing pressure from customers, and foreign exchange rates, especially between the U.S. dollar and the Euro.
  The level of interest rates, activity in the Company's share repurchase program and increases in the rate of dividend payments have also had an impact on the cost of financing the Company's operations.
  From their low point in 2001 there has been a turnaround in the Company's results. Since 2001, the impact of the various factors influencing the Company's reported results has been steadily increasing margins and cash generation.

Light Vehicle Production

The level of light vehicle production is an important factor influencing Autoliv's business. Historically, it has been light vehicle production in the Triad (i.e. Europe, North America and Japan) that has been most significant. In these markets, light vehicle production has declined in recent years. However, light vehicle production is increasing rapidly in the rest of Asia. The Company, having positioned itself to benefit from these emerging markets through both consolidated subsidiaries and joint ventures, is already benefiting from the growth in this region.
  The level of light vehicle production is influenced by global economic activity, with variations in regional activity being especially important. In the short-term, production levels can be somewhat erratic within regions and over the course of a year. Although broadly speaking the Company's sales are positively correlated to light vehicle production, vehicle model and customer mix is more important.
  Since roughly one-third of the Company's costs are relatively fixed, should there be a dramatic reduction in the level of production of vehicles supplied by the Company in any of its major markets, there would be a short-term negative impact on margins. The Company's initial response would be to reduce the number of temporary employees and to reduce its component purchases.
  However, it would take considerable time to reduce the level of permanent employees, and to reduce fixed production capacity.

Safety Content per Vehicle

The most important long-term trend is that Autoliv's market continues to be driven by the growing safety content per vehicle. This enables Autoliv to increase its sales above the 2% long-term growth rate of global light vehicle production.
  A specific major driver of this trend is the Inflatable Curtain for side-impact and rollover protection. The market for this airbag is expected to grow to approximately 30 million in annual unit sales by 2005, from less than 10 million in 2001.

Consolidation and Restructuring

The Company had experienced sustained growth, both organic and acquisition driven, for several years, but following a drop in vehicle production in the major markets that started in late 2000, the Company entered a consolidation phase.
  Since late 2000, the Company has been more active in restructuring to reduce costs, has increased focus on control of working capital and has reduced levels of capital expenditure.
  At the same time, the Company has continued to make strategic acquisitions and has disposed of certain small, non-core component manufacturing operations. Acquisitions, however, have been at a fairly modest level. Furthermore, the Company has continued to invest in the development of new products and in capacity to support growth.

Component Costs

The Company, at each stage of production, relies on internal or external suppliers in order to meet its delivery commitments. The Company may be dependent, in certain instances, on a single supplier for certain components.
  In addition, the Company's customers, in many cases, require that the Company's suppliers are qualified and approved by them. Disruptions in the supply chain could lead to extra costs in order to meet delivery commitments.
  The cost of materials is approximately 50% of sales. Direct materials are comprised of approximately 25% raw materials and 75% value added by the supply chain. Changes in raw material prices typically feed through in six to twelve months. Approximately 35% of the raw materials cost is based on steel prices, 30% on oil prices (i.e. nylon polyester and engineering plastics) and 15% on circuit boards and other electronic components. The remaining raw materials costs are based primarily on aluminum, magnesium and copper prices.
  Prices of materials fluctuate and are influenced by regional economic conditions and currency fluctuations. The Company´s strategy is to offset price pressure on costs of materials by taking an increasingly global approach and by taking actions such as consolidating volumes to fewer suppliers and moving components sources from high to low-cost countries.

Pricing Pressure

Pricing pressure from customers is an inherent part of the automotive components business. The extent of reductions varies from year-to-year, and is increasingly taking the form of reductions in reimbursements for engineering work rather than direct sales price reductions. In response, the Company is continuously engaged in efforts to reduce costs, including shifting production to low-labor-cost countries, product redesigns, product standardization, efficiencies from global purchasing activities and improvements in manufacturing productivity. The Company also works to give customers added value by developing new products and through its world-class engineering organization and test facilities.
  The Company's various cost-reduction programs are, to a considerable extent, interrelated. This interrelationship makes it extremely difficult to isolate the impact of any single program on costs and management does not generally attempt to do so. Instead, management monitors key measures such as costs as a percentage of sales, margins and geographical employee mix.

Foreign Exchange Rates

The Euro is the largest currency to which the Company is exposed and net sales denominated in Euros comprised around half of 2003 sales. Approximately one-third of net sales were denominated in U.S. dollars. The second quarter of 2002 reflected a major reversal in the U.S. dollar/Euro exchange rate trend. For the first time in many years, reported sales were increased by currency effects. This also affected equity as the stronger Euro began to generate positive Cumulative Translation Adjustments ("CTA").
  Since the spring of 2002, the dollar has weakened by around 40% against the Euro. Since the beginning of 2002, CTA has added $228 million to the Company's reported equity.

Exchange Rates for Key Currencies vs. U.S. dollar

    2003
Average
2003
Year end
2002
Average
2002
Year end
2001
Average
2001
Year end

EUR   1.127 1.250 0.941 1.042 0.896 0.883
AUD   0.648 0.747 0.542 0.564 0.518 0.509
GBP   1.631 1.775 1.498 1.603 1.441 1.451
SEK   0.123 0.137 0.103 0.113 0.097 0.094
JPY/1000   8.620 9.347 7.972 8.380 8.238 7.617

 

Interest Costs

Interest rates peaked in late 2000 and, in the past three years, have more or less continuously trended downwards. Autoliv benefited, but only partially, from this trend, having locked in fixed rates on a portion of its borrowings in accordance with Corporate policy.
  Autoliv's weighted average funding cost peaked at 6.2% in December 2000, dropped to 4.9% at the end of 2002 and was 4.5% at December 31, 2003.

Share Buy-backs and Dividends

In order to increase shareholder value and to return funds to shareholders the Company initiated a share repurchase program in 2000. In addition, between December 2002 and February 2004, the Company has raised the quarterly dividend three times by a total of 82%.