Year Ended December 31, 2002 versus
Year Ended December 31, 2001
Net sales
| Components of net sales increase in 2002 |
Airbag products |
Seat belt products |
Total |
| |
|||
| Organic sales growth | 6% | 7% | 6% |
| Impact of acquisitions, net of divestitures |
4% | 0% | 3% |
| Effect of exchange rates | 2% | 2% | 2% |
| Reported net sales increase | 12% | 9% | 11% |
Net sales for 2002 increased by 11%. In reported dollars, the increase was
$452 million. The weakening of the U.S. dollar increased reported sales by approximately
2%. Acquisitions made during 2002 added incremental sales of $122 million or
3%. Virtually all of the impact from acquisitions was generated by the acquisition
of Visteon Restraint Electronics ("VRE") on April 1, 2002. The effect of the
acquisitions was entirely in the airbag products group. The disposition of non-core
operations reduced sales by $3 million. Consequently, organic sales increased
by approximately 6%, while production of light vehicles in the Triad is estimated
to have increased by just over 2%. After an organic sales decrease in the first
quarter of 1%, organic sales grew by 7% in the second and third quarters and
then accelerated to 12% in the fourth quarter.
The 6% organic increase in sales of airbag products was principally
due to the continuing roll-out of new products, such as side-impact airbags
(including Autoliv's Inflatable Curtain), as well as gains in market
share in steering wheels in Europe and North America.
The 7% organic growth in sales of seat belt products was primarily
due to continued gains in market share, especially in Europe and Korea. The
market share gains in Europe were mainly due to a favorable sales mix.
Sales in North America grew by 8% compared to a 6% increase in North
American light vehicle production. Production of light trucks rose by 10%, while
the production of passenger cars increased by only 1%. Historically, Autoliv
has had a higher percent of its North American sales in the passenger car segment.
Autoliv has been improving its position and, following the acquisition of VRE,
the two vehicle segments are equally important for Autoliv. VRE added 6% to
revenues and organic sales grew by 2%. Organic sales of airbag products increased
by 4%, while seat belt sales dropped by 5% as a result of contracts having expired
during the autumn of 2002. However, these contracts started to be replaced during
2003 by new orders.
Sales in Europe rose by 11%. Organic growth added 4%, currency effects
5% and the VRE acquisition 2%. The organic growth could be compared with the
2% decline in the region's light vehicle production. Autoliv's market share
gains were mainly driven by program launches and a favorable vehicle mix.
Sales growth in the rest of the world, led by Japan (where light
vehicle production increased by 4%) and Korea, accelerated throughout the year.
Organic sales from companies in these countries rose by 38%. Currency effects
reduced reported sales by 3%. Strong demand for the Inflatable Curtain
was the biggest growth driver, but the other product areas also outperformed
the increase in light vehicle production.
Gross margin
The pressure on sales prices continued, but was more than offset by higher volumes and the beneficial effect of ongoing cost reduction programs. The gross margin improved in 2002 to 18.1% from 16.6%. Excluding the Unusual Items, the gross margin was 17.8% in 2001. Of the improvement, 0.3 percentage points were due to costs that in 2002 are reported as RD&E or SG&A and not as Cost of sales as in 2001. For details of the cost reduction programs see above under "Gross margin" in the 2003 vs. 2002 discussion.
Operating Income
Operating income was $323 million or 7.3% of sales compared with reported operating
income of $182 million in 2001, which was 4.5% of sales. However, after adjusting
for goodwill amortization and the Unusual Items, the operating income in 2001
would have been $298 million or 7.5% of sales. SG&A was 4.9% of sales in
both years. On a comparable basis, Amortization of intangibles, at 0.4% of sales,
was also unchanged. RD&E increased to 5.2% of sales from 5.0% in 2001. RD&E
is expected to continue to increase, as it is necessary to incur engineering
expense to support the growth of order intake. Orders, on average, go into production
approximately three years after they are received.
Other income (expense), net was approximately $12 million of expense,
or 0.3% of sales, in 2002 compared to approximately $3 million of income, or
0.1% of sales, in 2001 excluding the Unusual Items. The expense in 2002 is principally
related to severance costs associated with plant consolidations in the U.S.
The income in 2001 was generated by a gain from the sale of a building, net
of several small expense items.
Interest Expense, Net
Interest expense, net was $49 million compared to $60 million in 2001. Net debt at December 31, 2002, decreased by $159 million to $864 million from $1,023 million at December 31, 2001. Average net debt decreased by $92 million. A lower requirement for working capital contributed to a $243 million increase in cash provided by operations. Lower capital expenditure was more than offset by higher spending on acquisitions and the cost of the Company's share repurchase program. The weighted average interest rate, net was 5.2% compared to 5.8% in 2001. Lower interest rates, therefore, along with the lower borrowing requirement contributed to the reduction in interest expense, net.
Income Taxes
The effective tax rate was 33% versus 50.2% in 2001. Excluding the effect of goodwill amortization and Unusual Items in 2001, the effective rate was 33.5%.
Net Income and Earnings per Share
As a result of the higher operating profit and the lower interest cost, net income was $176 million compared to $53 million in 2001. Net income as a percentage of sales increased to 3.9% from 1.3% in 2001. Earnings per share were $1.79 compared to $.54 during 2001. Excluding goodwill amortization, earnings per share were $1.07 in 2001. The Unusual Items decreased earnings per share by 48 cents. Currency effects (including both translation and transaction effects) added two cents to per share earnings. The Company's share repurchase program improved earnings per share by less than one cent.